Piston for gas engines



y 21, 1929- R. w. ELAND ET AL 1,713,524

PISTON FDR GAS ENGINES Filed Nov. 28, 1927 I IE. j v I gwwmfoz Pat ented May 21, 1929.

1,713,524 PATENT OFFICE.

W. BLEND AND I IARREL C. MILLER, 01 PEOBIA, ILLINOIS.

PISTON ron ens Enemies.

Application fled November as, 1921. Serial no. 230,121.

This invention pertains to pistons for internal combustion engines. Anobject'is the provision of a type of piston whose upper portion, or thatcarr' ing the piston-rings 1s spaced from the ho y portion or skirt andseparable therefrom whereby it may be removed vfrom the cylinder forreplacing or adjustin such rings and without taking down .518 entireengine as is usually the case.

Another object is to construct a piston having a ring-carrying portionand a skirt portion are spaced from one another for the purpose of bothlightening the whole structure and reduce friction, as well as tominimire the feeding of oil -to'the piston ring portion 1 Another objectis to build apiston of spaced portions in skeleton form both to reducewei t, and that the oil instead of being carried too freely to thepiston ring portion ma more readily returnto the crank-case.

. till another'objectis the provision of a body rtion of an openskeleton structure, the skirt of which is severed at opposite po-.sitions and so constructed that it will automatically expand as-it wearsand prevent the well known slap. In addition to these objects theinvention includes certain detailsof construction to be pointed outherein and form the subject of certain of the appended claims. Asan as-'sistance to the understanding of the invention' the attached drawing isprovided wherem h V v Figure 1 is an elevation in part section of thecomplete, ammbled' piston -of our invention;

tion.

4 Fi 2 is a side elevation of a body portion including a skirt, the samebeing viewed from a different position from that in Figure 1., I i

Figure 3 is a plan of the said body por- The piston comprises twoportions or sections designated by the characters 1 and 2. The portion 2comprises a skirt 3 surmounted by a shell-like boss or extension4integral with said skirt and including lateral hous-' ings 5 bored toreceive the usual wrist-pin 6 to which the connectin -rod 7 is clampedin customary manner. tis observed that said boss or extension 4 has anopening 8 extending: well up into it, also that the top of said skirt 3is openat 9,9 at opposite sides er and outside the boss 4and that it issevered at 10 at diametrically opposite sides,

the boss 4 proje'ctingbeyond the same to 0 while the portion 1 hasacentral bore 15 through w ich the extremity of the screw pames when thesaid portion is seated in position, there being a nut 16 to engage thescrew-end, the same being held from turning by means of a split key orcotter 17 for example, passing through said screw-end. commonlyconstructed pistons are of one piece or casting and when necessary toreplace acking rings the oil pan must be re moved rom the crank-case andthe connecting rod must be removed from its position on the crank-shaftin order to be enabled to withdraw the piston from the cylinder. This islaborious and r before the engine is again ready for use. However, bythe construction herein provided the mere withdrawal of the pin 17 p andremoval of the nut 16 rmi'ts the piston ring section to be remov andonly requiring that the engine head he dismounted.

We are aware that pistons have been made with split skirts but theirforms have not been such that a wide limit of. expansion was possible,besides which the wear thereon was nrily uneven due to the length of theskirt and the form of the piston as a whole. However, by constructingthe body of. the' piston in a bifurcated form about as illustratedherein and short skirt portion w ich at t e same time Is severed atoppodte sides in the manner uired much time.

rovidi a relatively shown the two portions of the said body can expandmore or less under heat in practically a uniform manner. In practiceitis our custom to make the skirt several thousandths of an inchoversize and by a suit- 'able contracti as wearcon-- up into the boss 4much latitude for expanslon is allowed the said body, beingso designedthat all (parts of the surface of the" sklrt can expan into intimatecontact with the cylinder walls.

By having a separation of the two portions 1 and 2, if an excess of oilreaches the space between them it is caught by the upper surface of theskirt 3 and may pass back to the crank-case, not shown, through theopenings 9 and the places of separation at 10.

Another advantage arises from the form of piston used in that there isless metal to retain heat and that What heat is taken up by the portion1 is rapidly carried downto the skirt portion 3 and conducted to thecylinder walls.

We claim: 4

1. A piston for internal combustion engines having a relatively shortskirt portion, spaced piston-pin bosses surmounting the same, the boresof the bosses for the pistonpin lying outward from the plane of saidskirt portion, and an arched extension connecting the bosses, the wholebeing an integral structure, a piston-head separate from the namedstructure, spaced from said skirt portion and resting upon the archedextension and having a bore, a member screwed into the extensionprojecting beyond the outer surface of the same and extending throughthe bore of saidhead, a nut cngaging the member securing the head uponthe extension, and means to fix the nut With respect to the member.

2. A piston for internal combustion en.- gines having a relatively shortskirt portion,

.spaced piston-pin bosses from one side thereof, the axes of the boresof said bosses being spaced from the plane of said side, an extensionarched across the space between the bosses, the same being integral withsaid bosses and having a substantially flat surface at its extremitylying in a plane paralleling the axes of said bores, a screw engaging inthe extremity and extending through it and beyond the fiat surfacethereof, a separate cupped head inverted .upon the extension, the samebeing spaced from the skirt portion and having a surface complementaryto said flat surface of the latter, resting thereon, and having a borethrough which the screw extends, 'a nut engaging the screw and bearingupon the head securing the same upon the extension, and a pin extendingthrough the screw for fixing the nut with respect to said screw.

3. As part of a-gas engine piston a relatively short skirt portionsevered at substantially opposite positions and having spacedpiston-ring bosses erected upon thesame outward from the plane thereofand whose bores lie outward from the sprfaces carrying the bosses, andan arched exctension connecting the bosses terminating a its end in asubstantially fiat surface, the whole being an integral structure.

In testimony whereof We affix ou-r signa tures. A

REINHARD 'W. ELAND. LARREL C. MILLER.

